乔布斯一个时代的结束经典演讲


Steve Jobs 1955-2011: 美国苹果公司2011年10月5日宣布,该公司前首席执行官史蒂夫·乔布斯已经去世。苹果公司网站发布的消息说:“苹果失去了一位富有远见和创造力的天才,世界失去了一个不可思议之人。”专题 , 报道

乔布斯生前珍贵影像合辑

 

回顾:乔布斯在斯坦福大学经典演讲

2011年10月06日

求知若饥,虚心若愚(Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish)

今天,很荣幸来到各位从世界上最好的学校之一毕业的毕业典礼上。我从来没从大学毕业过,说实话,这是我离大学毕业最近的一刻。

今天,我只说三个故事,不谈大道理,三个故事就好。

第一个故事,是关于人生中的点点滴滴如何串连在一起。

我在里德学院(Reed College)待了六个月就办休学了。到我退学前,一共休学了十八个月。那么,我为什么休学?

这得从我出生前讲起。

我的亲生母亲当时是个研究生,年轻未婚妈妈,她决定让别人收养我。她强烈觉得应该让有大学毕业的人收养我,所以我出生时,她就准备让我被一对律师夫妇收养。但是这对夫妻到了最后一刻反悔了,他们想收养女孩。所以在等待收养名单上的一对夫妻,我的养父母,在一天半夜里接到一通电话,问他们“有一名意外出生的男孩,你们要认养他吗?”而他们的回答是“当然要”。后来,我的生母发现,我现在的妈妈从来没有大学毕业,我现在的爸爸则连高中毕业也没有。她拒绝在认养文件上做最后签字。直到几个月后,我的养父母保证将来一定会让我上大学,她的态度才软化。

十七年后,我上大学了。但是当时我无知地选了一所学费几乎跟史丹佛一样贵的大学,我那工人阶级的父母将所有积蓄都花在我的学费上。六个月后,我看不出念这个书的价值何在。那时候,我不知道这辈子要干什么,也不知道念大学能对我有什么帮助,只知道我为了念这个书,花光了我父母这辈子的所有积蓄,所以我决定休学,相信船到桥头自然直。

当时这个决定看来相当可怕,可是现在看来,那是我这辈子做过最好的决定之一。

当我休学之后,我再也不用上我没兴趣的必修课,把时间拿去听那些我有兴趣的课。

这一点也不浪漫。我没有宿舍,所以我睡在友人家里的地板上,靠着回收可乐空罐的退费五分钱买吃的,每个星期天晚上得走七哩的路绕过大半个镇去印度教的Hare Krishna神庙吃顿好料,我喜欢Hare Krishna神庙的好料。

就这样追随我的好奇与直觉,大部分我所投入过的事务,后来看来都成了无比珍贵的经历(And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on)。举个例来说。

当时里德学院有着大概是全国最好的书写教育。校园内的每一张海报上,每个抽屉的标签上,都是美丽的手写字。因为我休学了,可以不照正常选课程序来,所以我跑去上书写课。我学了serif与sanserif字体,学到在不同字母组合间变更字间距,学到活字印刷伟大的地方。书写的美好、历史感与艺术感是科学所无法掌握的,我觉得这很迷人。

我没预期过学这些东西能在我生活中起些什么实际作用,不过十年后,当我在设计第一台麦金塔时,我想起了当时所学的东西,所以把这些东西都设计进了麦金塔里,这是第一台能印刷出漂亮东西的计算机。

如果我没沉溺于那样一门课里,麦金塔可能就不会有多重字体跟等比例间距字体了。又因为Windows抄袭了麦金塔的使用方式,因此,如果当年我没有休学,没有去上那门书写课,大概所有的个人计算机都不会有这些东西,印不出现在我们看到的漂亮的字来了。当然,当我还在大学里时,不可能把这些点点滴滴预先串连在一起,但在十年后的今天回顾,一切就显得非常清楚。

我再说一次,你无法预先把点点滴滴串连起来;只有在未来回顾时,你才会明白那些点点滴滴是如何串在一起的(you can‘t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards)。所以你得相信,眼前你经历的种种,将来多少会连结在一起。你得信任某个东西,直觉也好,命运也好,生命也好,或者因果报应。这种作法从来没让我失望,我的人生因此变得完全不同。

我的第二个故事,是有关爱与失去。

我很幸运-年轻时就发现自己爱做什么事。我二十岁时,跟Steve Wozniak在我爸妈的车库里开始了苹果计算机的事业。我们拼命工作,苹果计算机在十年间从一间车库里的两个小伙子扩展成了一家员工超过四千人、市价二十亿美金的公司,在那事件之前一年推出了我们最棒的作品-麦金塔计算机(Macintosh),那时我才刚迈入三十岁,然后我被解雇了。

我怎么会被自己创办的公司给解雇了?

嗯,当苹果计算机成长后,我请了一个我以为在经营公司上很有才干的家伙来,他在头几年也确实干得不错。可是我们对未来的愿景不同,最后只好分道扬镳,董事会站在他那边,就这样在我30岁的时候,公开把我给解雇了。我失去了整个生活的重心,我的人生就这样被摧毁。

有几个月,我不知道要做些什么。我觉得我令企业界的前辈们失望-我把他们交给我的接力棒弄丢了。我见了创办HP的David Packard跟创办Intel的Bob Noyce,跟他们说很抱歉我把事情给搞砸了。我成了公众眼中失败的示范,我甚至想要离开硅谷。

但是渐渐的,我发现,我还是喜爱那些我做过的事情,在苹果计算机中经历的那些事丝毫没有改变我爱做的事。虽然我被否定了,可是我还是爱做那些事情,所以我决定从头来过。

当时我没发现,但现在看来,被苹果计算机开除,是我所经历过最好的事情。成功的沉重被从头来过的轻松所取代,每件事情都不那么确定,让我自由进入这辈子最有创意的年代。

接下来五年,我开了一家叫做NeXT的公司,又开一家叫做Pixar的公司,也跟后来的老婆(Laurene)谈起了恋爱。Pixar接着制作了世界上第一部全计算机动画电影,玩具总动员(Toy Story),现在是世界上最成功的动画制作公司。然后,苹果计算机买下了NeXT,我回到了苹果,我们在NeXT发展的技术成了苹果计算机后来复兴的核心部份。

我也有了个美妙的家庭。

我很确定,如果当年苹果计算机没开除我,就不会发生这些事情。这帖药很苦口,可是我想苹果计算机这个病人需要这帖药。有时候,人生会用砖头打你的头。不要丧失信心。我确信我爱我所做的事情,这就是这些年来支持我继续走下去的唯一理由(I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did)。

你得找出你的最爱,工作上是如此,人生伴侣也是如此。

你的工作将占掉你人生的一大部分,唯一真正获得满足的方法就是做你相信是伟大的工作,而唯一做伟大工作的方法是爱你所做的事(And the only way to do great work is to love what you do)。

如果你还没找到这些事,继续找,别停顿。尽你全心全力,你知道你一定会找到。而且,如同任何伟大的事业,事情只会随着时间愈来愈好。所以,在你找到之前,继续找,别停顿。

我的第三个故事,是关于死亡。

当我十七岁时,我读到一则格言,好像是“把每一天都当成生命中的最后一天,你就会轻松自在。(If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you‘ll most certainly be right)”

这对我影响深远,在过去33年里,我每天早上都会照镜子,自问:“如果今天是此生最后一日,我今天要做些什么?”每当我连续太多天都得到一个“没事做”的答案时,我就知道我必须有所改变了。

提醒自己快死了,是我在人生中面临重大决定时,所用过最重要的方法。因为几乎每件事-所有外界期望、所有的名声、所有对困窘或失败的恐惧-在面对死亡时,都消失了,只有最真实重要的东西才会留下(Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I‘ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything - all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important)。提醒自己快死了,是我所知避免掉入畏惧失去的陷阱里最好的方法。人生不带来、死不带去,没理由不能顺心而为。

一年前,我被诊断出癌症。我在早上七点半作断层扫描,在胰脏清楚出现一个肿瘤,我连胰脏是什么都不知道。医生告诉我,那几乎可以确定是一种不治之症,预计我大概活不了三到六个月。医生建议我回家,好好跟亲人们聚一聚,这是医生对临终病人的标准建议。那代表你得试着在几个月内把你将来十年想跟小孩讲的话讲完。那代表你得把每件事情搞定,家人才会尽量轻松。那代表你得跟人说再见了。

我整天想着那个诊断结果,那天晚上做了一次切片,从喉咙伸入一个内视镜,穿过胃进到肠子,将探针伸进胰脏,取了一些肿瘤细胞出来。我打了镇静剂,不醒人事,但是我老婆在场。她后来跟我说,当医生们用显微镜看过那些细胞后,他们都哭了,因为那是非常少见的一种胰脏癌,可以用手术治好。所以我接受了手术,康复了。

这是我最接近死亡的时候,我希望那会继续是未来几十年内最接近的一次。经历此事后,我可以比先前死亡只是纯粹想象时,要能更肯定地告诉你们下面这些:

没有人想死。即使那些想上天堂的人,也想活着上天堂。

但是死亡是我们共同的终点,没有人逃得过。这是注定的,因为死亡很可能就是生命中最棒的发明,是生命交替的媒介,送走老人们,给新生代开出道路。现在你们是新生代,但是不久的将来,你们也会逐渐变老,被送出人生的舞台。抱歉讲得这么戏剧化,但是这是真的。

你们的时间有限,所以不要浪费时间活在别人的生活里。不要被教条所局限--盲从教条就是活在别人思考结果里。不要让别人的意见淹没了你内在的心声。最重要的,拥有追随自己内心与直觉的勇气,你的内心与直觉多少已经知道你真正想要成为什么样的人(have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become),任何其它事物都是次要的。

在我年轻时,有本神奇的杂志叫做《Whole Earth Catalog》,当年这可是我们的经典读物。那是一位住在离这不远的Menlo Park的Stewart Brand发行的,他把杂志办得很有诗意。那是1960年代末期,个人计算机跟桌上出版还没出现,所有内容都是打字机、剪刀跟拍立得相机做出来的。杂志内容有点像印在纸上的平面Google,在Google出现之前35年就有了:这本杂志很理想主义,充满新奇工具与伟大的见解。

Stewart跟他的团队出版了好几期的《Whole Earth Catalog》,然后很自然的,最后出了停刊号。当时是1970年代中期,我正是你们现在这个年龄的时候。在停刊号的封底,有张清晨乡间小路的照片,那种你四处搭便车冒险旅行时会经过的乡间小路。

在照片下印了行小字:求知若饥,虚心若愚(Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish)。

那是他们亲笔写下的告别讯息,我总是以此自许。当你们毕业,展开新生活,我也以此祝福你们。

求知若饥,虚心若愚(Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish)。

非常谢谢大家。(乔布斯)(十大精彩瞬间 , 十大炫酷专利 , 职业生涯精彩回顾 )

 

苹果总市值达到6580亿美元,股价首次收于700美元之上

2012年09月19日

苹果市值达6235.2亿美元 成为史上市值最高企业

2012年08月21日

股价大涨推动苹果的总市值上升到6230亿美元,打破了微软公司1999年创造的6205亿美元市值纪录。苹果公司去年就超越埃克森美孚公司成为全球最值钱的公司。

苹果此轮股价飙涨主要得益于外界对其新一代苹果手机的高度期待。分析人士还认为,苹果计划推出的改进型袖珍平板电脑也很有可能会影响其竞争对手。另外,苹果公司将进军电视领域的消息也令市场振奋。《华尔街日报》等媒体披露,苹果正在和美国有线电视运营商洽谈,使消费者可以用苹果的新设备观看实时电视节目和其他内容。

 

苹果市值接近4600亿美元 超谷歌微软总和

2012年02月10日 来源:凤凰网科技 作者:炅炅

凤凰网科技讯 北京时间2月10日消息,苹果股价周四上涨16.49美元,涨幅为3.46%,报收493.17美元,创历史新高。这也使得该公司市值逼近4600亿美元,超过了谷歌和微软的市值总和,也超过了瑞典的GDP(国内生产总值)。

 

苹果2012首季营收创纪录 手握现金976亿富可敌国
2012年01月27日

1月25日,苹果发布了2012财年第一财季财报。报告显示,苹果第一财季营收为463.33亿美元,比去年同期的267.41亿美元增长73%,创下单季度营收的历史纪录;净利润为130.64亿美元,比去年同期的60.04亿美元增长118%;毛利率为44.7%,高于去年同期的38.5%。

苹果CEO蒂姆·库克称:“我们对公司杰出的业绩表现和破纪录的iPhone、iPad和Mac销售量感到激动。苹果的增长动量强劲得令人难以置信,而且我们还有一些令人惊奇的新产品还在开发中。”而对于iPhone,库克特别提到,“我们对3700万台iPhone的销量感到非常激动”。

此外,库克还提到了中国市场对iPhone 的需求是令人惊愕的。另外,目前苹果手头持有的现金已高达976亿美金,前一财季为810亿美金。  

苹果周二股价在公布财报后大涨8%约至452美元,该股在纳斯达克市场常规交易中报收于420.41美元,本月初苹果公司股价曾在盘中出现每股427.75美元的历史新高。(中国新闻网)

 

苹果股价超越400美元大关

腾讯网 2011-7-29

 

  据国外媒体报道,苹果股价周二在纳斯达克常规交易中报收于403.41美元。这不仅是苹果收盘价首次站在400美元之上,而且这也让苹果市值与全球市值最高的公司埃克森美孚的差距进一步缩小。

  苹果股价周二在纳斯达克市场常规交易中上涨4.91美元,报收于403.41美元。今年以来,苹果股价累计涨幅已达到25%。自7月19日苹果发布第三财季财报以来,该公司股价累计涨幅已达到了7%。

  当10多年前史蒂夫·乔布斯(Steve Jobs)重返苹果并出任该公司首席执行官时,该公司曾濒临破产边缘。现如今,受iPhone和iPad等热销电子产品的推动,苹果的市值已经超越了微软和英特尔的总和。1997年9月16日,苹果股价报收于5.48美元,这一天也是乔布斯重返苹果的前一天。自那时至今,苹果股价一直处于上涨之中。

  橡树溪投资公司(OakBrook In-vestments)交易主管吉利·契鲁克里(Giri Cherukuri)表示,“苹果首先是推出了Mac,然后推出了iPod,iPhone,现在是iPad。这简直难以令人置信。”橡树溪投资公司掌管着27亿美元的资产,其中包括了苹果的股票。

  按照周二的收盘价计算,苹果的市值约为3740亿美元,距离全球最高的市值公司埃克森美孚4160亿美元的市值仅有416亿美元。

  苹果iPhone手机的热销也导致诺基亚、RIM等老牌智能手机制造商的市场份额不断出现下滑,并被迫进行裁员。RIM在周一宣布,受营收下滑的影响,该公司计划裁员2000人。今年4月,诺基亚宣布将裁员7000人。

  苹果上周表示,该公司第三财季的净利润同比增长一倍以上,达到73.1亿美元;营收达到286亿美元。苹果iPhone和iPad的出货量同创历史新高,上述两大产品目前已占据了苹果营收的70%以上。截至第三财季末,苹果持有的现金和现金等价物总额已上升至762亿美元

 

苹果现金持有量达762亿美元超越美国政府

新浪科技 2011-07-29  

新浪科技讯 北京时间7月29日早间消息,据美国科技博客BusinessInsider报道,苹果目前拥有的现金总量已经超过美国政府。

根据美国财政部周四发布的每日报告,截止到周三,美国政府运营现金余额只有738亿美元。而根据苹果发布的最新财报,截止到6月底,苹果拥有的现金和有价证券达到762亿美元。

换句话说,世界上最大科技公司拥有的现金总量已经超过了世界上最大的主权政府。这是因为苹果的营收多于支出,而美国政府却相反。

【2012-04-25(苹果现金储备已达1100亿美元)】去年12月的数字仅为976亿美元,3个月增长126亿美元。苹果现在是世界上市值最高的公司,市值为5590亿美元。第二名为埃克森美孚公司,市值4070亿美元。

 

美十大市值企业:苹果第一 谷歌第六

2011年08月11日

美国债务危机引发全球股灾,但苹果表现突出,周三(8月10日)苹果的市值正式超过埃克森美孚,成为全球市值最高的公司。

公司 市值 行业
苹果( , 3371.7亿美元 消费电子
埃克森美孚 3307.7亿美元 石油
微软 2027.5亿美元 软件
IBM( , 1941.2亿美元 科技
Chevron 1814.1亿美元 石油
谷歌 1772.7亿美元 互联网
Berkshire Hathaway 1692.5亿美元 集团企业
沃尔玛( , 1681.1亿美元 零售
宝洁( , 1668.9亿美元 日用消费品
AT&T 1652.2亿美元 电信

苹果原名苹果电脑,创建于1976年,在乔布斯1997年回归之前,当时苹果连续两年亏损18.6亿美元,面临破产。目前苹果公司取得的辉煌成绩,是乔布斯回归之后创造的,iPhone和iPad是乔布斯精心打造的产品。众多业内人士担忧,如果乔布斯退休,苹果是否还能红下去?

 

苹果董事会宣布CEO乔布斯辞职 COO库克接任

2011年08月25日

凤凰网科技讯8月25日消息,据国外媒体报道,苹果公司董事会刚刚宣布CEO史蒂夫·乔布斯今天致信辞去公司首席执行官一职,同时任命苹果COO库克接任CEO。乔布斯被选为董事会主席,库克将加入董事会,立即生效。乔布斯致董事会信件内容如下:

致苹果董事会和苹果团体:

我曾经说过,如果有一天我不再能够胜任,无法满足你们对我作为苹果首席执行官的期待,那么我将主动让你们知道。非常不幸的是,这一天已经来临。

从此之后,我将辞去苹果首席执行官一职,但是,如果董事会认为合适的话,我仍将继续担任苹果董事会主席、董事以及苹果员工等职位。

就我的继任者而言,我强烈建议公司按照我们的继任计划进行,并任命蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook)为苹果新任首席执行官。

我相信,苹果最英明、最创新的时代就在眼前。我也希望能够看到这一切,并在新的角色上继续为苹果的成功贡献一份力量。

在苹果,我已经结交了一些最好的朋友,感谢你们所有人,感谢你们多年来能和我一起工作。

乔布斯敬上


苹果公司COO,新任CEO蒂姆·库克

 

 

Apple chief Steve Jobs reveals his dramatic weight loss at launch of new iPod Nano?

10th September 2008

 

It has been the number one concern for Apple employees and shareholders for months. But last night, Steve Jobs used the launch of the new iPod Nano to make light of the rumours of ill-health that have plagued the firm for months.Looking thin, Jobs emerged to applause in front of a screen at the San Francisco event that quoted Mark Twain: 'The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated.'


A thinner Steve Jobs makes light of rumours of his ill health at last night's iPod Nano launch.
(In 2004, Jobs, said he had undergone successful surgery to remove a rare type of pancreatic cancer. )

 

Apple chief Steve Jobs 'had liver transplant two months ago'

By Daily Mail Reporter Last updated at 3:15 PM on 21st June 2009

 

Apple boss Steve Jobs received a liver transplant two months ago and is now healthy enough to come back to work later this month, according to American newspaper the Wall Street Journal.

Mr Jobs, 53, who has been off work from the company he co-founded since January, had the operation in Tennessee.

While not directly confirming the medical treatment involved, Apple spokeswoman Katie Cotton said: 'Steve continues to look forward to returning at the end of June, and there's nothing further to say.'

Jobs told staff back in 2004 that he had just been treated for a rare form of pancreatic cancer, called islet cell neuroendocrine tumor, which can be cured if operated on promptly.

But over the last year, concerns about Mr Jobs's health have grown after he showed signs of weight loss - and the company's stock price fluctuated as health speculation intensified.

Jobs has amassed a multi-billion dollar fortune since co-founding Apple in 1976 and is considered the company's visionary and creative leader.

 

 

 

How ill is Steve Jobs? The pictures of gaunt Apple boss that have financial world talking

By Daily Mail Reporter Last updated at 6:51 PM on 21st February 2011

 

 

Pictures of a gaunt Steve Jobs out in California with his wife have prompted financial analysts to ask serious questions about the health of the Apple CEO. The National Enquirer published photos of Mr Jobs last week, outside a Palo Alto cafe with his wife Lauren. Later on the same day, he was shown to be arriving at the Stanford Advanced Medical centre.


Looking frail: Apple CEO Steve Jobs after having breakfast with his wife Laurenin Palo Alto, California. The pictures were taken on February 8 and published last week in the National Inquirer


Costly rumours: Speculation over Mr Jobs health sparked a 'flash crash' drop in Apple shares last week before they made a recovery. Mr Jobs has been suffering pancreatic cancer and is undergoing continuing treatment

The Enquirer claimed Mr Jobs was gravely ill, sparking a 'flash crash' drop in Apple's share price. Speculation also ran rife that he was too ill to attend a meeting of technology giants with President Barak Obama last week - a rumour that proved false. Nevertheless the White House had only released two images from the meeting in northern California on Thursday.They showed Mr Obama with Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg, and a view of all the leaders making a toast around a table.


Guest list: Left, from President Obama, Apple chairman and CEO Steve Jobs, Westly group founder Steve Westly, host's wife Ann Doerr, Google CEO Eric Schmidt, Genentech chairman Art Levinson, Cisco Systems CEO John Chambers, venture capitalist John Doerr (host) Oracle CEO Larry Ellison, Netflix CEO Reed Hastings, Stanford University president John Hennessy, Yahoo president Carol Bartz, Twitter CEO Dick Costolo, unknown, Facebook founder, president and CEO Mark Zuckerberg

 

In that image, Mr Jobs's back is to the camera. He is the only one there who has not raised his glass fully, his elbow still resting on the table.

Mr Jobs has been battling pancreatic cancer. Fears have been steadily growing over his health after he stepped away from the day-to-day running of Apple due to health reasons.

The National Enquirer's article quoted medical experts who claimed that, based on the images, they believed Mr Jobs only had matter of weeks to live.

Mr Jobs, 55, stepped away from the company on medical leave last month. It was the third time in seven years that he has taken time out because of health reasons.

The high-tech visionary has come to embody Apple's turbulent history and some of the industry's most cutting-edge products.

The company has refused to provide any details on Mr Jobs's health, comment on the recent reports or say when he might return from leave.

Mr Jobs was not seen by a pool of White House reporters who were kept out of sight of participants at Thursday's dinner at venture capitalist John Doerr's secluded home in the affluent suburb of Woodside.

But a White House official confirmed that all those on the guest list were present.

Mr Jobs had surgery in 2004 for an unusual type of tumor on his pancreas called a neuroendocrine tumor. He had a liver transplant in 2009.

Chief Operating Officer Tim Cook is running Apple's day-to-day operations while Mr Jobs is on leave.

Analysts noted that Mr Jobs' health problems are widely known by investors, who are not likely to be shocked by Internet reports.

'I find it puzzling that he would be on campus and 'working' from home if he was that sick,' said Peter Misek, an analyst at Jefferies.

'Seeing him go into a cancer treatment facility shouldn't be a surprise.'

Mr Jobs had been seen in recent weeks on Apple's campus in Cupertino, California.

The company has said he will continue to be involved in major strategic decisions.

Known for his idiosyncratic style, Mr Jobs rescued the computer maker from near death in 1996 after a 12-year absence from the company he co-founded.

The launch of the iPhone, a smartphone with a touchscreen in 2007, and the iPad, a tablet computer in 2010, forged new business lines for the company that created the personal computing category and helped lead the technology industry into new directions.

White House spokesman Jay Carney said ahead of Thursday's meeting: 'This is a part of our economy that has been a huge contributor to economic growth in the last several decades and we expect will continue to be.'

Along with Mr Jobs and Mr Zuckerberg, the meeting was also attended by Google CEO Eric Schmidt, Oracle CEO Larry Ellison and other members of the Silicon Valley elite.

 

Jobs enjoys a day in the sun to unveil his Cloud: Now Apple customers can access their music anywhere, any time

By Daily Mail Reporter Last updated at 12:50 AM on 7th June 2011

 

To the strains of James Brown's I Feel Good, gravely ill Apple CEO Steve Jobs took the stage yesterday at the Apple Worldwide Developers' Conference in San Francisco.

He was making a rare appearance in public to unveil his company's latest revolution, the iCloud - an online storage service that automatically synchronises all of a user's Apple devices.

One of the main benefits of the service will allow users to access their music collections on iPods and iPads without having to upload the tracks.

 


Standing ovation: Apple CEO Steve Jobs gestures as he receives a warm welcome before a keynote address to the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco

 

乔布斯:天生的暴君 小学霸凌老师

(FBI爆20年前乔布斯密档称其曾吸食毒品)

2011-10-08

  据美国《纽约时报》报导,已故苹果公司创办人乔布斯从小就具有“暴君”特质,他生前第一次“霸凌”别人是在小学三年级时,对象是一名老师,他曾说,当年他和一些好友“算是毁了”那个老师。

  后来半个世纪人生中,乔布斯在这方面就一直未曾松懈过。他数落下属及工作伙伴无法达成任务,痛批竞争对手不长进,还要自以为无所不知的蛋头专家滚蛋。因为乔布斯独具眼光,追求卓越,毫无妥协余地

  在这个画地自限的时代,乔布斯堪称是“最后的伟大暴君”(last great tyrant)。在矽谷没有人像他一样。他运用手中大权,不断推出让消费者爱不释手的科技新玩意儿,产品讲求品味,要求出类拔萃,绝不当第二名

  在工作上乔布斯为所欲为。他要求产品不能滥竽充数。有一次他告诉一名工程师说,“你蛋糕烤得真是可爱”,但又批评这个家伙在蛋糕上撒狗屎。他下令产品要做小一点,品质上精益求精。任何产品的设计细节都逃不过他的法眼。他曾谈到麦金塔电脑上的一个介面说,“我们将萤幕上的按钮做得好看极了,让人很想要舔舔它们。”

  乔布斯自信满满,有时候与自大没有两样。在早年苹果公司一场万圣节派对上,他曾经以耶稣基督的装扮登场。不过乔布斯坚信科技力量能够改善人类的生活,正是这种信念让他的自大有了宣泄口。前苹果公司主管艾略特(Jay Elliot)说:“我们在悼念乔布斯,是因为当今企业界很少有人像他那样充满热情,直截了当,而不是为了股价卖命。”

  家庭复杂 遗产难分

  苹果公司创办人乔布斯身世与家庭状况复杂,他身家估计达83亿美元,病逝后遗下一妻一子二女、一个非婚生女儿与两个妹妹,财产如何分配?律师群势将大费脑筋。

  乔布斯是全球数一数二的兴业家,但他有多少财产始终是个谜。《国际商业时报》(International Business Times)报导,乔布斯在美国注册的科技与电子产品配件专利多达382个,价值想必令人瞠目结舌。

 

Defending Life’s Work With Words of a Tyrant

The New York Times
By DAVID STREITFELD Published: October 6, 2011

SAN FRANCISCO — The first time Steve Jobs ever bullied anyone was in the third grade. He and some pals “basically destroyed” the teacher, he once said.

For the next half-century, Mr. Jobs never let up. He chewed out subordinates and partners who failed to deliver, trashed competitors who did not measure up and told know-it-all pundits to take a hike. He had a vision of greatness that he wielded to reshape the computer, telephone and entertainment industries, and he would brook no compromise.

Maybe it is only the despair people feel about the stagnating American economy, but the announcement of the death of the Apple co-founder Wednesday seemed to mark the end of something: in an era of limits, Mr. Jobs was the last great tyrant.

Even in Silicon Valley, where corporate chieftains are frequently larger than life, and soul-enhancing technology is promised with the morning e-mail, there was no one quite like him. He used his powers to make devices that are beloved by their owners in a way that very few American products manage to achieve, especially these days.

“Amidst the oceans of enforced mediocrity in the bland, deflavorized culture of managed-by-committee corporate behemoths,” the entrepreneur Perry Metzger posted on his Google+ page, Mr. Jobs “showed that the real path to excellence was excellence — that you could do great things by, who would have imagined, being smart and having excellent taste and not ever settling for second best.”

After his death became public, there was a waterfall of emotion on Twitter and blogs. Fans gathered outside Mr. Jobs’s house in Palo Alto, Calif., and they placed candles and flowers in front of Apple stores everywhere. His house is in the center of town, easy to find and rather modest for a guy worth about $6.5 billion. He was planning another house, but even that seemed as if it would be relatively restrained for a lord of Silicon Valley.

Where he was unrestrained was in his work. Stories of him forcefully telling Apple employees that a product was not good enough are legion. (“You’ve baked a really lovely cake,” he told one engineer, adding that the hapless fellow had used dog feces for frosting). Make it smaller and better, he commanded. No element of design was too minor to escape his notice. (On a Mac interface: “We made the buttons on the screen look so good you’ll want to lick them.”)

Mr. Jobs castigated competitors, particularly Microsoft. Bill Gates’s company, which dwarfed Apple in power and wealth during the 1980s and 1990s, was not even described as second-rate; it was deemed third-rate. Worse, it was not even trying.

“The only problem with Microsoft is they just have no taste,” Mr. Jobs said in a typical broadside. “They have absolutely no taste. And I don’t mean that in a small way, I mean that in a big way, in the sense that they don’t think of original ideas, and they don’t bring much culture into their products.”

This is not the sort of unvarnished comment you ever hear the founders of Google, say, publicly expressing about Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook, or vice versa. “We’re mourning Steve because we don’t have much of his passion and directness in corporate life these days,” said Jay Elliot, a former Apple executive who has written a book about learning from Mr. Jobs’s lessons in leadership. “He wasn’t driven by the stock price.”

Like many big tech companies, Apple has a formidable public relations staff, but Mr. Jobs was not constrained by this either. People knew his e-mail — “sjobs@apple.com” — and sent him queries and complaints. He often responded, if tersely. A persistent effort by a college student complaining about her inability to get information from the famously reticent P.R. staff finally elicited a testy, “Please leave us alone.”

Mr. Jobs’s self-confidence could sometimes be indistinguishable from arrogance and self-aggrandizement. At an Apple Halloween party during the wild early years, he reportedly came dressed as Jesus. (In a rare tribute for a layman, Mr. Jobs’s career was celebrated Thursday on the front page of the Vatican newspaper.) But it was an arrogance tempered by faith in the power of technology to improve lives.

The satirical newspaper The Onion underscored this point nicely in its news story on Mr. Jobs’s death. The headline, modified here to replace an expletive, said: “Last American Who Knew What the Heck He Was Doing Dies.”

Funny, but it is deep in the nature of Silicon Valley to challenge such sentiments. “I don’t want to take anything away from the guy, he was brilliant and uncompromising and wonderful, but there’s a level of adulation that goes beyond what is merited,” said Tim O’Reilly, chief executive of the tech publisher O’Reilly Media. “There will be revolutions and revolutionaries to come.”

《纽约时报》:乔布斯是传奇CEO 更是伟大设计师
2011年10月07日

当走进一位CEO的办公室,请他/她描述出自己最喜欢的字体时,很可能得不到回应,因为几乎所有CEO对此都没有太多了解。然而,如果你拜访的是苹果前任CEO乔布斯的话,将会获得满意的答案。乔布斯生前热衷于字体和排印技术,能够详细地描述出诸如有衬线字体等的复杂特点。

关注细节使得乔布斯推出的产品无懈可击。任苹果CEO时,他并不像其他公司的CEO那样,仅仅关注于阅读、分析财务报表,处理个人事务及营收数据,他也将产品设计放到了自己的职责中。事实上,乔布斯不仅视其为一项应尽的职责,更是从内心中热爱设计、醉心于产品设计:每根线条、每一像素、每个连字符、每一字符的倾斜程度都倾注了他的心血和精力。

2005年,在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲可谓是乔布斯最为著名的演讲,他谈到了自己醉心于设计的原因,并描述了退学后曾参加的一门排印课程:“退学之后,我不需要去听普通课程,于是随心选择了一门书法课程,试图了解书法是怎样构成的。在那门课程中,我学习了有衬线字体和无衬线字体,学会如何变换不同字符的间距、如何使得既有的字体更加美观。排印和字体技术融入了美感、历史以及艺术的享受,是科学无法感知和捕获的,从此我便沉迷其中。最开始,这些知识并未在我的生活中得到任何实际运用。直到10年之后,当我们设计第一台Macintosh电脑时,这些知识重新涌入到我的脑海中。我们将这些知识全部融入到Mac的设计中,使其成为第一台拥有美观字体的计算机。”

乔布斯非常注重细节,即使像不同字符的间距这样的细微之处,他也进行了思考和设计。类似的细节体现在Macintosh电脑之中,也延续到20多年后才推出的iPhone智能手机的设计中。

上述例子都能够充分证明乔布斯作为一名管理者与其他CEO有着显著的不同。

2011年8月,乔布斯离开了倾注一生心血的苹果帝国。当时,谷歌工程设计部门高级副总裁维克·冈多特拉(Vic?Gundotra)曾公布了一份与乔布斯之间的交流记录。在iPhone智能手机发布前的一个周日,他曾接到乔布斯的“紧急电话”,表示“有紧急问题需要立即解决”。乔布斯在电话中指出,他正在研究iPhone中显示出的谷歌图标,但对其十分不满意。乔布斯感觉到“GOOGLE”标志中第2个O的倾斜程度不对劲,这是苹果设计团队的疏忽。他将让相关人员于明天之内解决这个问题,并询问冈多特拉对于这一解决方案是否满意。

要知道,iPhone开发团队中有数百名设计师参与,其中没有一个人注意到这个“O”的倾斜程度存在细微的偏差,然而,乔布斯却注意到了。

要证明乔布斯对细节和设计的专注程度,不得不提到另一个典型例子。在Mac系列笔记本中,有一个睡眠指示小灯,一旦用户关机或者让电脑处于休眠状态,这个小灯就会亮起来。虽然很多其他品牌的笔记本也具有这个特色,但苹果的设计明显与众不同:Mac笔记本睡眠指示灯的闪烁频率与成年人正常呼吸的频率趋于一致,即每分钟12次。只有极具创造力,并关注细节的乔布斯才会想出这样人性化的细微设计。